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GREY AND DOLITTLE’S SIX KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION

GREY AND DOLITTLE’S SIX KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION ·    Though Whittaker’s Five Kingdom System solved many problems, lack of distinction between Archaebacteria (archaea) and Bacteria remained untouched. ·        Six kingdom classification was suggested by Gray and Doolittle (1982) and Carl Woose (1990) divided these six kingdoms into three domains on the basis of Gene sequence. ·       Grey and Doolittle (1982) proposed to classify organisms into two Superkingdoms the (i) Prokaryota and the (ii) Eukaryota. ·        The Superkingdom Prokaryota further divided into 2 Kingdoms (i) Archaeobacteria and (ii) Eubacteria, whereas the Superkingdom Eukaryota divided into 4 kingdoms, (i) Protista, (ii) Fungi, (iii) Plantae and (iv) Animalia. Therefore, they suggest adopting Six distinct kingdoms to classify all the organisms.

WHITTAKER FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION

WHITTAKER FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION ·        Robert H. Whittaker (North American Ecologist) proposed the Five Kingdom Classification in 1969. ·       Five Kingdom Classification was based upon 5 characters like Cell structure, Mode of nutrition, Mode of Reproduction, Body organization (Cellular/Tissues/Organ system) and Phylogenetic relationships.  ·        Five Kingdom Classification also puts Unicellular and Multicellular organisms into different groups. ·     In Five Kingdom Classification, the Kingdom Fungi was separated from the Kingdom Metaphyta (Plantae) . ·        Five Kingdom Classification includes a)      Kingdom Monera includes Archaea, Bacteria and Cyanobacteria. b)      Kingdom Protista includes Phytoplanktonic Algae (Microalgae), Protozoa, Diatoms and Slime Molds. c)      Kingdom Fungi includes Fungal mold, Mushrooms and Yeast d)      Kingdom Metaphyta (Plantae) includes Macroalgae and Plants. e)      Kingdom Metazoa (Animalia) includes