SEWAGE TREATMENT - AN INTRODUCTION

 SEWAGE TREATMENT

• Sewage is used water and the wastes it contains. It is about 99.9 % water and about 0.1 % solid or dissolved wastes.
• The Dissolved wastes include (i) Household wastes (Human feces, Detergents, Grease, and anything else people put down the drain or Garbage disposal unit); (ii) Industrial wastes (Acids & other chemical wastes and Organic matter from Food processing plants) and (iii) Wastes carried by rainwater that enters sewers.
• Wastewater contains a variety of Contaminants, including Suspended solids, Biodegradable & Non-biodegradable Organic and Inorganic compounds, Toxic metals and Microbial pathogens that pose a health risk.
• A sewage treatment plant is required for all Residential and Commercial areas.
• Sewage treatment, also known as Wastewater treatment, is used to remove contaminants from municipal and industrial wastewater.
• Various physical, biological, and chemical processes are used to treat Wastewater.
• Sewage treatment can be done by two methods. They are

1)    Small Scale Sewage Treatment

2)    Large Scale Sewage Treatment

USES OF SEWAGE TREATMENT

• Water is a limited resource in the environment and we need to reuse it. Large water treatments plants are installed to remove pollutants so water is safe to be used again.
• Solid waste is also removed which is known as Sludge. It is used as a Fuel source and also for Composting and other Agricultural purposes.
• The ultimate idea of Sewage treatment plants is to provide environmentally safe sewage water.
• Sewage treatment plant is used to remove salts which as Sodium, Nitrates, Phosphate, Nitrogen, etc. which are usually found in Domestic waste, primarily in Kitchen. Microorganisms are also separated through this process.
• Water produced through the Sewage treatment process is used for Irrigation, Hydrants, Toilet flushing, Cooling water, Concrete water and many such purposes.
• Sewage treatment plant produces clean water which can be used directly in the environment for various purposes mostly Agriculture and Farming.